They can also be processed chemically as a source of oxalic acid. Compared to Medjool dates, these are slightly smaller and maybe not as sweet. Eventually this stock was reintroduced to Africa and led to the U.S. production of dates in Yuma, Arizona, and the Bard Valley in California.[36]. The taste of Halawy dates has been described as sweet like honey. Date palm leaves are used for Palm Sunday in the Christian religion. So, if you are looking for a soft, juicy type of date, Thoory dates may not be for you. In fact, the juicy flesh is so smooth that eating these dates feels like they melt in your mouth. Khalas can be enjoyed at half-ripe and full-ripe stages. This type of date is best eaten fresh and it spoils very quickly. Dates are the fruits of the date palm which is scientifically named Phonenix dactylifera. The smooth wrinkled skin doesn’t flake and isn’t sticky. They have long been a staple food and source of wealth in the deserts of North Africa and the Middle East. Because of it's slow growth, large⦠Dates can also be dehydrated, ground and mixed with grain to form a nutritious stockfeed. RESSOURCES DâINFORMATIONS NUCLEUS. One of the darkest varieties of dates is the Safawi date from Saudi Arabia. True date palms (Phoenix dactylifera L.) are impressive trees and have served as an indispensable source of food for mankind in tropical and subtropical countries for centuries.The aim of this study is to differentiate date palm tree varieties by analysing leaflet cross sections with technical/optical methods and artificial neural networks (ANN). They have a mild sweetness and their flavor isn’t as intense as Medjool or Deglet Nour varieties. Cultivar choice and zone are important information when considering how to grow date trees. [45] The glycemic index for three different varieties of dates are 35.5 (khalas), 49.7 (barhi), and 30.5 (bo ma'an). 3.1 Uses from Date Palm Tree. 15 October 2008. Each of these date palm varieties produce delicious dates with distinct differences in flavor, sweetness, moisture content, and size. [42] Some designs were patented. [51] Palm branches were said to be scattered before Jesus as he entered Jerusalem on Palm Sunday. This fresh type of soft date has light golden skin and is deliciously sweet. As dates ripen on the date palm, they lose up to 80% of their moisture. The sweetness from these tasty fruits is due to the fact they contain up to 75% sugar when they are dried. The Medjool date is one of the largest types of dates. In this article, you will learn about the various types of dates that you can buy. One of the best things about this variety of date is their sweet honey-like taste. 15. Native to Iran, Mazafati dates are a medium-sized soft date that has dark flesh and is delicious to eat fresh. The soft texture of these juicy dates and their rich flavor makes Medjool dates delicious to eat fresh. Date palms appear in the archaeological record in North Africa about 2,800 years ago, suggesting that the hybrid was spread by the Minoans or Phoenicians.[23]. you can talk to horticulture professional for control measures of these diseases and pests. Dates are an important traditional crop in Iraq, Iran, Arabia, and north Africa west to Morocco. Ltd. has over 30 years of experience in the production of high quality, disease-free, true-to-type micro-propagated Date Palm plants. You can expect the ripe, fresh, dry dates to stay fresh for around 8 months in an airtight container. In the 1920s, eleven healthy Madjool palms were transferred from Morocco to the United States where they were tended by members of the Chemehuevi tribe[which?] There are more than 3000 date varieties in the world. There are thousands of different date varieties, with Medjool date the most popular date variety. [12] The fruit's English name (through Old French), as well as the Latin both come from the Greek word for "finger", δάκÏÏ
λοÏ,[13] because of the fruit's elongated shape. Date palm varieties are very similar; however, studies have shown that there are clear differences based on the vegetative characteristics and Spath (Djerouni et al. Their sweet caramel taste and juicy flesh mean that they are the perfect sweet treat. A total of 117 household heads were interviewed using structured and semistructured questionnaires. However, they also grow in California, South Africa, and the Middle East. Senegal Date Palm. In some areas such as Iraq the pollinator climbs the tree using a special climbing tool that wraps around the tree trunk and the climber's back (called تبÙÙØ© in Arabic) to keep him attached to the trunk while climbing. Since the males are of value only as pollinators, this allows the growers to use their resources for many more fruit-producing female plants. Many people consider Mazafati dates as some of the best dates for snacking on. Feb 04, 2021. During this time, their sweetness intensifies and they lose some of their astringent taste. Dates are mentioned more than 50 times in the Bible and 20 times in the Qur'an. Unlike some other varieties of dates, Zahidi palm fruits are light brown color when ripe. The date palm ( Phonenix dactylifera) is one of the species in the Phonenix genus which contains more than 12 species of wild palms. [citation needed]. Some growers do not even maintain any male plants, as male flowers become available at local markets at pollination time. There are varieties with some cold tolerance, but they rarely bear fruit. Key informant interviews, f⦠Late rains during flowering and ripening period⦠The ajwa date is a type of very dark date with wrinkly skin. Plants grown from cuttings will fruit 2â3 years earlier than seedling plants. Processed leaves can be used for insulating board. The tree was heavily cultivated as a food source in ancient Palestine where Judaism and subsequently Christianity developed. Date Palms (Phoenix spp.) Types of Limes: Varieties of Lime Fruit from Around the World (With Pictures), Types of Cauliflower: Delicious Cauliflower Varieties From Around the World (With Images), Types of Melons: Different Varieties of Melons From Around the World, Different Types of Grapefruit From Around the World (With Pictures and Names), Types of Dates: Delicious Varieties of Date Fruit From Around the World (With Pictures and Names). They are particularly available to eat whole at Christmas time. Depending on its ripeness, the dates can be soft and sweet or crisp with mild sweetness. This variety of date is a semi-dry type and, because of that, has slightly flaky skin. In fact, due to their smoothness and light flavor, many in the Middle East refer to them as the “butter date.”. Palm branches occurred as iconography in sculpture ornamenting the Second Jewish Temple in Jerusalem, on Jewish coins, and in the sculpture of synagogues. Objectives of the study were evaluating the existing production practices and constraints of date palm production to generate baseline information for further researches and extension. Because this date variety is of such high quality, Sukkari dates are also called “Royal dates.”. Botanical Name: Phoenix robelinii. Their oil is suitable for use in cosmetics and dermatological applications. As Deglet Nour dates ripen on the palm, they turn from a light amber color to dark brown. [54] In Psalm 92:12 "The righteous shall flourish like the palm tree". Ripe and dry dates fruit bunches at the Khurram Abdullah Bajwa Date Farm in Medina. They do not all ripen at the same time so several harvests are required. In Southeast Spain (where a large date plantation exists including UNESCO-protected Palmeral of Elche) dates (usually pitted with fried almond) are served wrapped in bacon and shallow fried, served with ranch dressing. This date variety is one of the largest types of dates and also one of the most expensive. Canary Island Date Palm: Chinese Fan Palm: Christmas Palm: Chusan Palm: Coconut Palm: Edible Date Palm: European Fan Palm: Fishtail Palm: Foxtail Palm: Guadalupe Palm: Indian Date Palm: Majestic Palm: Montgomery Palm: Paurotis Palm: Pigmy Date Palm: Pindo or Jelly Palm: Queen Palm: Senegal Date Palm: Royal Palm: Mexican Palmetto: Dwarf Palmetto: Sabal Palm: Sylvester ⦠There are thousands of different date varieties, with Medjool date the most popular date variety. Vinegar made from dates was a traditional product of the Middle East. Mabroom date is a type of date with a long oblong shape and firmer flesh. Dates are good for skin health. This type of date is one of the largest types of date fruit. Khola dates are a type of date that have golden brown smooth skin and a sweet, but not too sweet, taste like caramel. Other date palms include the true date palm (P. dactylifera), the Canary Island date palm (P. canariensis), and P. sylvestris. Natural pollination occurs with about an equal number of male and female plants. The leaflets are 30 cm (12 in) long and 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. [40][41] Recent innovations include chocolate-covered dates and products such as sparkling date juice, used in some Islamic countries as a non-alcoholic version of champagne, for special occasions and religious times such as Ramadan. Pioneers in the field, D.P.D. Because they don’t spoil easily and they are a medium to large type of date, they are one of the most widely distributed types of date in the world. [26] The NYU Abu Dhabi researchers had also re-sequenced the genomes of several date varieties to develop the first single nucleotide polymorphism map of the date palm genome in 2015.[27]. [16] and have been cultivated since ancient times from Mesopotamia to prehistoric Egypt. In 2009, a team of researchers at the Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar published a draft version of the date palm genome (Khalas variety). Botanical Name: Cocos nucifera. As the small dates ripen off the tree, they gradually become a darker color of brown. The type of fruit depends on the glucose, fructose, and sucrose content. To enjoy these dates, it is best to eat these fruits from the Maktoom palm tree when freshly harvested. In later times, traders spread dates around South West Asia, northern Africa, and Spain. Many say that they are similar to the famous Medjool in their texture and flavor. Fossil records show that the date palm has existed for at least 50 million years. True date palms (P. dactylifera) have been cultivated in the Middle East, North Africa, and the Mediterranean since ancient times for their sweet, edible fruits. Most commercial plantations thus use cuttings of heavily cropping cultivars. Date Garden" in Indio, California. The ancient Egyptians used the fruits to make date wine, and ate them at harvest. How can you pick the best kind of date? The date palm (Phonenix dactylifera) is one of the species in the Phonenix genus which contains more than 12 species of wild palms. The Anbara variety of date is a large type of fruit that looks like long thick fingers. With the release of this improved genome assembly, the UAE researchers were able to map genes for fruit color and sugar content. However, if you want to use firm tasty dates in a baking recipe, these dates are a perfect choice. Senegal date palm: Phoenix reclinata: Sierra Madre Palm: Brahea decumbens: Silver date palm: Phoenix sylvestris: Silver joey palm: Johannesteijsmannia magnifica: Silver Saw Palm, Paurotis palm, Everglades palm: Acoelorrhaphe wrightii: Sinaloa hesper palm: Brahea aculeata: Slender lady palm: Rhapis humilis: Snake skin palm: Caryota ophiopellis : Solitaire palm: Ptychosperma elegans: ⦠Phoenix dactylifera, commonly known as date or date palm,[2] is a flowering plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. Date palms can take 4 to 8 years after planting before they will bear fruit, and start producing viable yields for commercial harvest between 7 and 10 years. The good texture of Thoory dates means that they are good for using in baked goods. A medium-sized date such as the Mazafati variety measures between 1” to 2” (2.5 – 4.5 cm). The word “date” literally means “finger” in Greek and refers to the oblong shape of the fruit. In Pakistan, a viscous, thick syrup made from the ripe fruits is used as a coating for leather bags and pipes to prevent leaking. [3] The species is widely cultivated across Northern Africa, the Middle East, the Horn of Africa and South Asia, and is naturalized in many tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. In fact, this type of date is also called the “bread date.”. Different types of dates can be between 1.2” and 1.8” (3 – 7 cm) in length. The common and most straightforward commercial use of date palm tree is in landscaping. And with a maximum height of about 25-35 feet, this palm won't dwarf everything else in your landscape. Pitted dates are also referred to as stoned dates. Fard. Like most fresh dates, this variety is a tasty sweet treat that will help curb sugar cravings. Nine of these survived and in 1935, cultivars were transferred to the "U.S. The most important are: The Gaza Strip, especially Deir al-Balah ("Village of Dates"), is known for its exceptionally sweet red dates. [22], A genomic study from New York University Abu Dhabi Center for Genomics and Systems Biology showed that domesticated date palm varieties from North Africa, including well-known varieties such as Medjool and Deglet Nour, are a hybrid between Middle East date palms and the Cretan wild palm P. theophrasti. Leaf sheaths are prized for their scent, and fibre from them is also used for rope, coarse cloth, and large hats. In some ways, Mabroom dates are similar in texture and taste to Ajwa dates. Also, they are a fairly sticky type of date. Date Varieties . One of the unique aspects of Zahidi dates is the fact that they are sweet and creamy without having high sugar content. The amber fruits are delicious eating fresh as a snack and their good texture holds up well in cooking and baking. A delicious variety of soft dry date is Mabroom date that grows in Saudi Arabia. Homes To Love. 'Barhee', 'Halawy', 'Khadrawy', 'Medjool'); semi-dry (e.g. While date palms are primarily cultivated for food, some local varieties are traditionally grown for animal consumption (Williams, 1978). Date Palm or Phoenix dactylifera A species of palm tree widely cultivated for its edible fruit, it is a food that has wide and deep cultural implications, particularly in the middle east. It needs room for growth and should not be planted too closely to a structure or home. If you enjoy eating dates but don’t have a sweet tooth, Mabroom dates are a great choice. The thin yellow skin covers flesh that is sweet like butterscotch but has some astringency. Zahidi dates: The Zahidi, a semisoft date, is called âNobility.â It has a large seed and crunchy fibrous flesh, and is often processed for sliced dates and date sugar products. All types of dates are soft, sweet, nutritious, and very delicious fruits. It is generally said that its feet should be in water and its head in the fire. Few plants conjure romantic associations with the tropics better than palm trees. In Islamic culture, dates and yogurt or milk are traditionally the first foods consumed for Iftar after the sun has set during Ramadan. The date palm is an evergreen palm tree that can reach 15-40 m in height. Another type of large reddish-brown date is the Maktoom (or Maktoum) variety. Thoory date is a type of dry fresh date with firm texture. Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) Arguably the most beautiful of the palm species, the date palm is cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. [51], In the Quran, Allah instructs MaryÄm (the Virgin Mary) to eat dates during labour pains when she gives birth to Isa (Jesus);[52] and, similarly, they are recommended to pregnant women.[53]. Dates are naturally wind pollinated, but in both traditional oasis horticulture and in the modern commercial orchards they are entirely pollinated manually. When it comes to pests in date palm growing, the red palm beetle poses a significant threat to date production. In its dried state, the Safawi fruit will be dark and wrinkled without any flakes on the surface. However, the most common to the Coachella Valley are the Medjool Date Palm and the Deglet Date Palm. The total annual world production of dates amounts to 8.5 million metric tons, countries of the Middle East and North Africa being the largest producers.[9]. Khadrawy type of dates are best consumed fresh. Growing this tree in Zone 8 requires a sheltered location to prevent it from being damaged by freezing weather. Therefore dried dates will have a longer shelf life than fresh dates. Every type of date has its own characteristic – some are soft with a light-brown color and are extremely sweet. These dates are of medium size and have an oval shape. The ripened wrinkly skin is a light reddish-brown color and slightly sticky to touch. Some types of dry dates have been further dehydrated to lower their moisture content as much as possible. Not only do you get parcels of delicious sweetness, but your fingers also won’t get sticky as you are eating them. Medjool Date Palm is a member of the Arecaceae Family, and is dioecious, having separate male and female plants. Learn about classic types of palm trees, including date palm, hardy Chinese windmill palm and zombie palm, from the experts at HGTV Gardens. At about 61-68 percent sugar by mass when dried, dates are a very sweet fruit. Date seeds are also ground and used in the manner of coffee beans, or as an additive to coffee. Varieties of fresh dates are sold as soft, semi-dry, or dry. Palm trees grow about 21-23 meters high. It can grow up to 75 feet tall with pinnate leaves that grow 16 feet long. Système international dâinformation nucléaire (INIS) Système dâinformation sur les réacteurs de puissance (PRIS) Ajwa dates, as with most types of dates, are rich in healthy vitamins and minerals. [citation needed] Evidence of cultivation is continually found throughout later civilizations in the Indus Valley, including the Harappan period of 2600 to 1900 BCE. They can be easily grown from seed, but only 50% of seedlings will be female and hence fruit bearing, and dates from seedling plants are often smaller and of poorer quality. Safawi dates are a type of semi-dried date and the fruit retains its soft sweet flesh. Additionally, Al Wathba Marionnet looks into the rare date palm varieties of superior quality and propagates as selection such as Nawader, Ayyasha, Ghanda, ⦠This date variety is a good source of vitamins A, C, and K as well as potassium, calcium, and magnesium. A date palm cultivar, probably what used to be called Judean date palm, is renowned for its long-lived orthodox seed, which successfully sprouted after accidental storage for 2000 years. It has other uses as well in the commercial and industrial sectors. This is one of the varieties of dates that ripens on the palms and are harvested when they have dried. [43] These have generally been replaced by an inexpensive pale-colored knobbled plastic fork that resembles a date branch (example[44]), which is traditionally included with numerous brands of prepackaged trays of dates (example), though this practice has declined in response to increased use of resealable packaging and calls for fewer single-use plastics. This causes a confusion because many people think that a dry fresh date is the same thing as a dried date; however they are not the same. Sukkari dates are one of the softest types of sweet dates that you can buy. [14], Dates have been a staple food of the Middle East and the Indus Valley for thousands of years. This soft type of date has slightly sticky skin. "Date Palm". One distinguishing feature of this type of date is that they have a long oblong shape. 'Thoory'). The leaves are also used as a lulav in the Jewish holiday of Sukkot. Most date palm production in the U.S. is in southern California and Arizona. They tend to have a firm texture and with a sweet nutty flavor. Date palms in a deserted village in Behbahan, Iran, Dates on palm tree outside Badshahi Mosque, Lahore, Pakistan, palm tree cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. When fully ripened, the skin is dark purple and almost black. This is one of the most unique types of dates as it is edible unripe as well as fully ripened. The deep mahogany skin has a slightly wrinkled look to it. In Israel date syrup, termed silan, is used while cooking chicken and also for sweets and desserts, and as a honey substitute. HowStuffWorks.com. Medjool dates are one of the most popular date varieties due to their sweet caramel-like taste and soft skin. Learn how to care for a date palm and enjoy the elegant tree and perhaps some fruit if you are lucky. [3], Date trees typically reach about 21â23 metres (69â75 ft) in height,[7] growing singly or forming a clump with several stems from a single root system. Because the Khudri date palms provide bumper harvests and the dates keep well, they are one of the most exported types of dates in the world. [46], The caffeic acid glycoside 3-O-caffeoylshikimic acid (also known as dactylifric acid) and its isomers, are enzymic browning substrates found in dates. There is archaeological evidence of date cultivation in Arabia from the 6th millennium BCE. In fact, compared to Medjool dates, these semi-dry dates are lower in sugar. [47], Date seeds are soaked and ground up for animal feed. [8], Dates have been a staple food of the Middle East and the Indus Valley for thousands of years. Apart from P. dactylifera, wild date palms such as Phoenix sylvestris and Phoenix reclinata, depending on the region, can be also tapped for sap. This variety of date, the Barhi date, is a small date that has distinct yellow skin and sweet taste. The study was conducted during 2015/2016 in two districts of Afar Regional State which were purposively selected based on their experiences on date palm production and locations relative to Awash River. If you are looking for a medium-sweet date that isn’t too big date, then Khadrawy dates may be excellent for you. 3. Also, due to them being a premium date variety, Mabroom dates are usually more expensive than other types of date. Reflecting the maritime trading heritage of Britain, imported chopped dates are added to, or form the main basis of a variety of traditional dessert recipes including sticky toffee pudding, Christmas pudding and date and walnut loaf. [19] It is recognizable in frescoes from Pompeii and elsewhere in Italy, including a garden scene from the House of the Wedding of Alexander.[20]. Uses of Date Palm Trees. Many Jewish scholars believe that the "honey" reference in the Bible to "a land flowing with milk and honey" (Exodus chapter 3) is actually a reference to date "honey", and not honey from bees.[50]. The Senegal date palm (Phoenix reclinata) is an elegant specimen tree. It sports multiple slender trunks, offering an interesting silhouette. Date palm, tree of the palm family (Arecaceae) cultivated for its sweet edible fruits. The flowers of the date palm are also edible. Dates are one of the ingredients of jallab, a Middle-Eastern fruit syrup. These dates are harvested in their dried state and, therefore, have a long shelf life. Halawy dates are a very sweet variety of date that have juicy thick flesh and amber-colored skin. No palm can match the elegance of this palm ⦠Al Wathba Marionnet has a laboratory in Abu Dhabi where it propagates high quality varieties of date palm vitroplants in mass quantities like Medjool, Barhi, Khalas, Um Ed Dahan, Abu Maan, Sheishi, Saggai Fard, Ghannami (male), etcâ¦. [30], An article on Date palm tree cultivation is brought down in Ibn al-'Awwam's 12th-century agricultural work, Book on Agriculture.[31]. Date trees typically reach about 21â23 metres (69â75 ft) in height,[7] growing singly or forming a clump with several stems from a single root system. Date palms like a warm climate where summers are considerably longer than winters. Their high moisture content means that, unlike dried dates, you don’t have to soak them before eating them. [48], Stripped fruit clusters are used as brooms. Manual pollination is done by skilled labourers on ladders, or by use of a wind machine. Because of their good texture, Deglet Nour dates are some of the best dates to use in cooking. INC, International Nut and Dried Fruit Council Foundation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Date_palm&oldid=1005830739, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from July 2013, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2020, Articles needing additional references from November 2013, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Persian-language text, Articles containing Sinhala-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2018, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from January 2015, Srpskohrvatski / ÑÑпÑкоÑ
ÑваÑÑки, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 February 2021, at 16:55. What makes Khola dates different to other popular varieties of date? The sugar content of ripe dates is about 80%; the remainder consists of protein, fiber, and trace elements including boron, cobalt, copper, fluorine, magnesium, manganese, selenium, and zinc. 2015). In the Bible palm trees are referenced as symbols of prosperity and triumph. However, their good texture and sweetness make them a favorite choice for many people. This type of date is one of the most popular varieties exported from Saudi Arabia. The date palm is dioecious, having separate male and female plants. It is a favorite ornamental palm and planted worldwide. Pygmy Date Palm. The oil contains lauric acid (36%) and oleic acid (41%). If you are looking for a good all-around date for eating, then Zahidi dates are a good choice. Fossil records show that the date palm has existed for at least 50 million years. You will find out that there are more date varieties than the couple of types you find in the store. Dates have a long shelf life and may be eaten fresh or dried. Compared to other varieties of dates, Maktoom dates have thick wrinkly skin that covers exquisite soft flesh. Here are some of the commercially cultivated date varieties. However, compared to other sweet juicy dates, the Mabroom variety is not as sweet and has a firmer chewy flesh. 16. Background. Dates provide a wide range of essential nutrients, and are a very good source of dietary potassium. In fact, some of these by-products equaled or are more important than the date fruits itself. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, "Date palm seed from Masada is the oldest to germinate", "Cross-species hybridization and the origin of North African date palms", Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, Genome-wide association mapping of date palm fruit traits, Whole genome re-sequencing of date palms yields insights into diversification of a fruit tree crop, http://www.unce.unr.edu/publications/files/ho/2002/sp0212.pdf, "Date Fruits: Benefits, Palm, cultivation - Green Diamond Dates", "Popular date palm fruit types: Sukkary dates", "How One Indian Couple Saved 'The Fruit of Kings, "Phoenix canariensis (Canary Island date palm)", "Canary Island date palm: Phoenix canariensis (Arecales: Arecaceae): Invasive Plant Atlas of the United States", "Dates in a wooden plate on a wooden table â stock image", International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, "In Vivo Comparative Studies on Antigenotoxicity of Date Palm (Phoenix Dactylifera L.) Pits Extract Against DNA Damage Induced by N-Nitroso-N-methylurea in Mice", "Floral Stalk on Date Palm: A New Discovery".
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